Bok choi (also known as pak choi or Chinese cabbage) is a nutritious and versatile leafy green that is well-suited for New Zealand’s climate. This guide will help you successfully grow bok choi in your garden or containers, ensuring a bountiful harvest.
Choosing the Right Variety
Bok choi comes in several varieties, each with unique characteristics. Some popular varieties include:
- Shanghai Green: A dwarf variety with tender green stalks and smooth leaves.
- Joi Choi: Known for its thick, white stalks and dark green leaves. It is bolt-resistant and suitable for various climates.
- Baby Bok Choi: A smaller variety ideal for stir-fries and quick cooking.
Planting Bok Choi
Bok choi can be grown from seeds or transplants. Follow these steps for successful planting in New Zealand:
1. Choose a Planting Location
Bok choi thrives in full sun to partial shade. Select a location with well-draining soil rich in organic matter. If growing in containers, use a high-quality potting mix.
2. Prepare the Soil
Amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
3. Planting Seeds
Sow bok choi seeds directly in the garden or in containers about 1/4 inch deep and 6 inches apart. Thin seedlings to 12-18 inches apart to allow for adequate growth. For continuous harvest, sow seeds every 2-3 weeks.
4. Planting Transplants
If using transplants, plant them at the same depth they were growing in their pots, spacing them 12-18 inches apart. Water thoroughly after planting.
Caring for Bok Choi
Photo by Cristi Ursea on Unsplash
Bok choi is relatively low-maintenance but requires consistent care for optimal growth:
1. Watering
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water at the base of the plants to prevent fungal diseases. Mulch around the plants to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
2. Fertilizing
Feed bok choi with a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer or compost tea every 3-4 weeks. Avoid excessive nitrogen, as it can lead to lush foliage but fewer heads.
3. Pests and Diseases
Common pests include aphids, flea beetles, and cabbage worms. Use organic pest control methods such as neem oil, insecticidal soap, or row covers to protect your plants. Rotate crops to prevent soil-borne diseases like clubroot.
4. Weeding
Keep the planting area free of weeds, which can compete for nutrients and water. Mulching helps suppress weed growth.
Best Time to Plant Bok Choi in New Zealand
Bok choi is a cool-season crop and can be planted in New Zealand during the following times:
- Spring: Plant from early spring to late spring (September to November).
- Autumn: Plant from late summer to early autumn (February to April).
Avoid planting during the hottest part of summer, as bok choi can bolt (go to seed) quickly in high temperatures.
Harvesting Bok Choi
Bok choi is ready to harvest in 45-60 days from planting. Here’s how to harvest your crop:
- Young Leaves: For baby bok choi or tender greens, harvest individual leaves when they are 4-6 inches tall.
- Mature Heads: Harvest entire plants when they reach 12-18 inches tall. Cut the plant at the base with a sharp knife.
After harvesting, wash the leaves thoroughly and store them in the refrigerator. Bok choi can be used in stir-fries, salads, soups, and other dishes.
Conclusion
Growing bok choi in New Zealand is a rewarding experience that provides you with fresh, nutritious greens. By selecting the right variety, planting at the appropriate time, and providing consistent care, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of this versatile vegetable. Happy gardening, and may your bok choi thrive!
